Bodhisattva (bosatsu)
Jōjizaiō Bosatsu
定自在王菩薩

This bodhisattva is listed as one of the Twenty-five Bodhisattvas.
This introduction is based on materials from Shōhōin (Tobi Fudō). It is summarized within the scope of the beliefs and traditions those materials convey, and does not present explanations or customs common to all schools, shrines, and temples.
English pages are the site’s own translations of its Japanese pages. The sources cited are in Japanese. 日本語で読む
The name and role of Jōjizaiō Bosatsu
This bodhisattva is listed as one of the Twenty-five Bodhisattvas. Jōjizaiō Bosatsu is described as a bodhisattva who appears in the world in any form freely and is bound by nothing.
Source: 飛不動尊 正宝院・飛不動尊 正宝院・飛不動尊 正宝院
Tracing the form and traditions
As for attributes, the bodhisattva is described as being depicted beating a large flame-shaped drum (kaen-daiko).
Source: 飛不動尊 正宝院・飛不動尊 正宝院・飛不動尊 正宝院
Protecting those who wish for rebirth in the Pure Land
The Twenty-five Bodhisattvas are bodhisattvas who protect people who wish to be reborn in the Pure Land of Amida Buddha. A dictionary of the Jōdo school explains the protection of practitioners taught in the Jūōjō Amidabutsukoku-kyō as the basis of this faith. Rather than assigning each of them a separate benefit such as money or study, they can be understood first through their saving work as a group.
Source: 浄土宗
Bodhisattvas in raigō paintings and nerikuyō processions
As Pure Land faith spread, the Twenty-five Bodhisattvas came to be depicted in raigō paintings, in which they come with Amida Nyorai to welcome the dying, and in nerikuyō processions. This is described as a development from the understanding that bodhisattvas who protect practitioners in daily life would also protect them at the moment of death. The attributes they hold, such as musical instruments and lotus pedestals, differ from source to source, and the individual forms shown here are based mainly on Shōhōin's materials introducing the Butsuzō Zui.
Source: 浄土宗・飛不動尊 正宝院
Related kami and buddhas
Sources (in Japanese)
- 飛不動尊 正宝院「仏様の世界:定自在王菩薩」(2026-10-14 確認)
- 飛不動尊 正宝院「仏様の世界:目次」(2026-10-14 確認)
- 飛不動尊 正宝院「仏様の世界:二十五菩薩」(2026-10-14 確認)
- 浄土宗「新纂浄土宗大辞典:二十五菩薩」(2026-10-15 確認)